Piezoelectric Optomechanical Approaches for Efficient Quantum Microwave‐to‐Optical Signal Transduction: The Need for Co‐Design

Piezoelectric optomechanical platforms represent one of the most promising routes towards achieving quantum transduction photons between microwave and optical frequency domains. However, there are significant challenges to near-unity efficiency. We discuss such factors in context two main approaches being pursued for high efficiency transduction. The first approach uses one-dimensional nanobeam crystals excited by interdigitated transducers, is characterized large single-photon coupling strength, limited intracavity pump photon population avoid absorption-induced heating, low phonon injection from transducer cavity. second (quasi) bulk acoustic wave resonators integrated into photonic Fabry-Perot cavity geometries, without After reviewing current status both approaches, we need co-designing electromechanical sub-systems order achieve efficiencies, taking GaAs piezo-optomechanical platform as an example.